Holograph 'Notes out of [Jean] Boizard's Traite des Monoyes' ['Treatise on Coin' (1692, second edition 1714), both editions of which Newton owned: see H237-8] on French Mint practice (the notes are in English)

<338r>

Notes out of Boizard's Traite de Monoyes.

Quatuor sols Parisis valent quin sols Turnois. p. 9.

Gold has 24 degrees of goodness called Carats. Every Carat is divided into 32 equal parts in making of ye money p. 11

Silver has 12 degress of goodness called deniers & every denier is divided into 24 grains, {illeg}& every grain into $\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ $\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$ $\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{8}}$ &c. p. 12.

Course gold or Silver is where ye ☉ or ☾. p. 16.

Standard Gold 22 car. & standard Silver 11 deniers in France p 21, 23, 24, 27, 28

The Remedy of allay for gold is $\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$ of a Carat & for silver 2 grains. p. 24, 27, 28

The Remedy is first mentioned in ye reign of St Lewis 1253 & has been ever since in use. p. 25.

The Ecus d'or & demy Louïs d'or are 72$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ pieces to ye Mar{illeg}c, & the Louïs d'{illeg}or 36$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$ pieces. And ye L{illeg}ouis d'argent (of 3 livres 6 sols) are 8$\frac{\mathrm{11}}{\mathrm{12}}$ pieces to ye Marc. & ye $\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ & $\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$ & $\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{12}}$ L{illeg}ouïs's in proportion. p 232, 38, 39.

The Marc is 8 ounces of ye same weight wth ye Marc in England Germany &c p 32.

The remedy of weight for gold is 2 felins (or 14$\frac{\mathrm{2}}{\mathrm{5}}$grains) ꝑ Ma{illeg}rc. That for silver is 5$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ sol{illeg}s or 43$\frac{\mathrm{7}}{\mathrm{107}}$ grains ꝑ Marc. p. 34.

The proportion of fine Gold t{illeg}o fine Silver anno 1679 in France was 15 to 1. vizt fine ☉ = 437 Livres ꝑ Marc & fine silver 29liv.. 6sol.. 11$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$deniers. The King varied the proportion several times & anno 1690 the Marc of fine ☉ was valued at 457liv. 16sols & yt of silver at 30 livres wch is 15$\frac{\mathrm{13}}{\mathrm{50}}$ to 1. p 49, 50.

The Seigniorage 16 in ye reign of Lewis 13 was 6 Livres ꝑ Marc d'or & 10$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ sols pr Marc d'argent. In March 28 1679 it ceased but was reestablished Dec. 15 1689. p 58

The Brassage or charge of coyning is paid one half for the melting & other ordinnary charges, the other half is paid to ye Officers & Workers for their ministrie in ye fabrication of ye monies. It was paid by the Romans & anciently in France by a oublic tax upon ye people whereby ye Gold & Silver was of ye same price coynd or uncoynd. And this were still to be wisht but at lengh {sic} the contrary has prevailed above ye publick utility & ye Brassage has been established. In ye year 1676 it was 3 livres for ꝑ Mark of Gold & {illeg}18 sols ꝑ Marc of silver, at wch time by ye Kings Declaration of March 28 it ceased but was reestablished Dec 15 1689. The reasons for reestablishing the seigniorage & Brassage were 1 to prevent ye exportation of ye money 2 to prevent ye melting it down for Goldsmiths uses. p 58, 59, 60, 61.

The Ordinance of 1586 appoints the Goldsmiths work in silver to be 11den$\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{2}}$ fine wth a remedy of two grains & in Gold 22 Kar wth a remedy of $\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$ {illeg}Kar. And this continued till Decem 1679. The Goldbeaters & Wyerdrawers by the same {illeg}Ordinance of 1586 use Gold of 24 Kar wth a remedy of $\frac{\mathrm{1}}{\mathrm{4}}$ Kar & Silver of 12 denar. wth a remedy of 4gr. But by an Ord{illeg}onnance of {illeg}1657 the Drawers in Lyons use a remedy of 6 grains in silver. By an Ordnance of Octob. 1689 the Refiners & Departers make silver at least 11denar. 18 grans {sic} fine & gold at least 23$\frac{\mathrm{26}}{\mathrm{32}}$ Kar. p 61, 62, 63

The Goldsmiths that melt or abuse the money forfeit body & goods & by an Ord{illeg}onnance of 1689 are condemned to ye Galleys {illeg}for ever. p 63.

Rendage is what's rendred to ye King & signifies the Seigniorage & Brassage together Traite is still more general & comprehends ye rRendage & remedies of weight & allay together. p. 64

Dernier fort or Pied-fort is a piece of money perfect in w{illeg}eight & {illeg}fineness without any remedy, made for a pattern. It has usually this inscription Exemplar probatœ monetæ <138v> or Exemplum probati numismatis, p. 69, 70.

To transport ye money is confiscation of body & goods & has been sometimes dea{illeg} p. 75.

Several laws for limiting the weight of vessels of gold & silver. A pag 73 ad p. 87

The places of the fabrication of the money are thus markt

Paris	A	Burgdeaux	K	Nantes	T
Roüen	B	Bayonne	L	Amiens	V
Saint Lo	C	Tholose	M	Aix	X
Lyon	D	Montpelier	N	Bourges	Y
Tours	E	Rione	O	Grenoble	Z	p. 91, 92.
Angers	F	Dijon	P	Rennes	9
Poitiers	G	Narbonne	Q	Arras	AAR
LimogesLa Rochelle	H	Villeneuve-les-Avignon	R	Lisle en Flanders	L
Limoges	I	Rheims	S	Troyes	AS

Before deliverance of the money they put into ye Pix one piece of 400 of Gold & & {sic} one out of 72 Marcs of silver & the Pix is kept under the keys of ye Mast Warden Master & Assayer till tryal at ye end of every year. These are Deniers de Boete. The rest are Deniers courant p 97, 98, 99

The Marking Engin invented by Castaing 1685 who receïves 1 Sol ꝑ Mark of gold & six Deniers ꝑ Mark of silver p. 242.